CHOLESTEROL

Cholesterol is a type of fat-like substance known as a lipid that is essential for the proper functioning of the human body. It is a waxy, fat-like substance that is produced naturally by the liver and also obtained from the food we eat. Cholesterol plays an important role in the production of hormones, vitamin D, and bile acids, and is a component of cell membranes.

Different types of Cholesterol:

There are two main types of cholesterol: low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). LDL is often referred to as “bad cholesterol” because it can contribute to the build-up of plaque in the arteries, which can lead to heart disease. HDL is often referred to as “good cholesterol” because it helps to remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream and reduces the risk of heart disease.

How Cholesterol forms in our body:

Cholesterol is synthesized by the liver and other cells in the body. It is also obtained from the food we eat, especially animal-based foods such as meat, eggs, and dairy products. The liver synthesizes cholesterol and releases it into the bloodstream to be transported to cells throughout the body.

Layer around body cells containing Cholesterol:

Cholesterol is an important component of cell membranes, which are the protective outer layers of cells. Cholesterol helps to maintain the fluidity and stability of cell membranes, which are essential for the proper functioning of cells.

 Interrelation of Cholesterol so total HDL, LDL, Triglyceride:

The total cholesterol level in the blood includes LDL, HDL, and triglycerides. LDL and triglycerides are associated with an increased risk of heart disease, while HDL is associated with a reduced risk. A healthy total cholesterol level is typically below 200 mg/dL, with LDL below 100 mg/dL and HDL above 60 mg/dL.

Plasma layer of cell containing Cholesterol:

Cholesterol is transported in the blood plasma by lipoproteins, which are particles made up of lipids and proteins. LDL carries cholesterol from the liver to cells throughout the body, while HDL carries excess cholesterol back to the liver for processing and removal from the body.

Cholesterol helping proteins maintain their function: Cholesterol plays a crucial role in maintaining the structure and function of proteins in the body. It helps to stabilize and regulate the activity of proteins by interacting with their structure and function. Without cholesterol, many proteins in the body would not function properly.

Liver regulates cholesterol:

Cholesterol is a waxy substance that is produced by the liver and is necessary for many vital functions in the body, including the production of hormones and cell membranes. The liver regulates cholesterol by balancing the amount of cholesterol it produces with the amount of cholesterol that is absorbed from food and used by the body.

Normal range of HDL, LDL & Trig in the human body:

The normal range for HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol is 40 to 60 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) for men and 50 to 60 mg/dL for women. The normal range for LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol is less than 100 mg/dL. The normal range for triglycerides is less than 150 mg/dL.

Foods that are good to maintain cholesterol levels:

Foods that can help maintain healthy cholesterol levels include:

• Foods high in fiber, such as whole grains, fruits, and vegetables
• Foods high in healthy fats, such as nuts, seeds, avocados, and fatty fish
• Foods high in antioxidants, such as berries, dark chocolate, and green tea
• Foods that contain plant sterols, such as fortified margarine and yogurt.

Foods to avoid to control cholesterol:

Foods that can contribute to high cholesterol levels include:

• Foods high in saturated and trans fats, such as red meat, full-fat dairy products, and processed foods
• Foods high in cholesterol, such as egg yolks and organ meats
• Foods high in added sugars, such as sugary drinks and desserts.

Relationship of cholesterol with atherosclerosis:

Atherosclerosis is a condition where plaque builds up inside the arteries, which can lead to narrowed or blocked blood vessels. High levels of LDL cholesterol can contribute to the development of atherosclerosis, as the LDL can become oxidized and form plaque in the arteries. HDL cholesterol, on the other hand, is thought to have a protective effect against atherosclerosis by helping to remove excess cholesterol from the arteries.

 Cardiac and cholesterol:

 High levels of LDL cholesterol are a major risk factor for heart disease, as they can contribute to the development of atherosclerosis and increase the risk of heart attack and stroke. Maintaining healthy cholesterol levels, particularly by lowering LDL and increasing HDL cholesterol, is an important part of reducing the risk of heart disease.

Fat is good to consume to maintain cholesterol levels:

 Healthy fats, such as monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats found in nuts, seeds, avocado, and fatty fish, can help increase HDL cholesterol and improve overall cholesterol levels. However, it is important to consume these fats in moderation, as all fats are high in calories and excessive intake can lead to weight gain, which can also contribute to high cholesterol levels.

(Nutrition Life Circle)